La construcción de una agenda climática global pro-crecimiento: un análisis histórico crítico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/INGEO.19351Palabras clave:
Gases de efecto invernadero, cambio climático, gobernanza climática, soluciones tecnológicas, crecimiento verde, desarrollo sostenible.Resumen
A finales de 2019, más de 11.000 científicos declararon que afrontamos una emergencia climática que obliga a actuar con urgencia, lo que muestra el fracaso de la agenda climática global (ACG). Desde sus inicios hace treinta años, no se ha revertido la tendencia creciente de las emisiones globales. Este artículo contribuye al debate existente en torno al análisis de la influencia de factores económicos y políticos sobre el diseño de ACG examinando su objetivo de crecimiento económico. Buscamos aclarar si las reglas del juego económico mundial, sustentadas en la ideología del crecimiento, impulsora del actual metabolismo socioeconómico extractivista que subyace a la crisis socioecológica planetaria, determinan dicha agenda. Así, revisamos los principales eventos internacionales en torno al cambio climático (CC) y documentamos un giro en los principios de la política climática a partir de los años ochenta del siglo pasado, según el cual el crecimiento dejó de verse como la causa del CC para verse como su solución. Argumentamos que el hecho de promover un desarrollo sostenible basado en el crecimiento explica el fracaso de la política climática. Y es que esto resulta en una política demasiado optimista hacia las soluciones tecnológicas y los instrumentos de mercado que lleva a creer que el crecimiento verde es posible y la solución al CC, lo que limita la acción a la “descarbonización” de la economía y la adaptación al CC ignorando otros aspectos sociopolíticos relevantes.Descargas
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